Articles included in the review were read and evaluated. The titles and abstracts of the articles were screened, and references from relevant articles were scanned for other relevant publications. Therefore, only studies between 20 (1730) were considered. Due to the number of results from the search on Google scholar (2810), sleep-cycle monitoring using contactless sensors research cannot be exhaustively reviewed. The keywords used to retrieve publications were chosen based on common terms used in the field, from the topic under review, and database suggestions ( Appendix A). However, the process requires trained sleep technicians to perform polysomnography (PSG).įor this review, the literature search was performed using a systematic computerized approach: IEEE, Google Scholar, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM), and PubMed Central (PMC). A major motivation for sleep monitoring is the effect it has on health and well-being. Sleep monitoring is important and could be a lifesaver for people with undiagnosed sleep disorders. This is reflective of the global populace as sleep disorders are rapidly becoming a global concern, leading to a range of societal problems. A similar statistic was reported by the Canadian Men’s Health Foundation (2016) stating that 30% of Canadian men are sleep deprived. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that a third of the United States population does not get enough sleep. The fast pace of modern society and the rapid increase in the aging population have contributed to the population of people being affected by sleep disorders. The quantity and quality of sleep are generally associated with chronic diseases and health risks such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, renal failure, anxiety, and depression. Sleep is important for the physical and mental well-being of an individual.

That is, wearables and nonwearable devices are complementary to each other, and so both are needed to boost the field of at-home sleep monitoring. Furthermore, a combination of sensors, e.g., smartwatches and under-mattress sleep trackers, are necessary to achieve reliable results. This is because factors such as gender, age, profession, and social class can largely affect sleep quality. Therefore, a broader scope of participants should be taken into consideration during future proposals and assessments of sleep cycle tracking systems. Following our survey, although existing devices showed promising results, most of the studies are restricted to a small sample of healthy individuals.

We have performed a literature search between 20 and the following databases were used for retrieving related articles to unobtrusive sleep cycle monitoring: IEEE, Google Scholar, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM), and PubMed Central (PMC). To this end, this paper aims to review the several attempts made by researchers toward unobtrusive sleep monitoring, specifically sleep cycle. These alternatives can be in the form of wearables (e.g., actigraphs) or nonwearable (e.g., under-mattress sleep trackers). Collecting longitudinal data on sleep can accelerate epidemiological studies exploring the effect of sleep on health and disease. In an attempt to solve this issue, sleep experts are continually looking for unobtrusive and affordable alternatives that can provide longitudinal sleep tracking. As a result, the vast majority of patients do not receive a proper diagnosis. Polysomnography is the gold-standard method for measuring sleep but is inconvenient and limited to a laboratory or a hospital setting.

Sleep monitor review